Engineering an in vitro spinal column: Manufacturing designs and emerging solutions for producing an axial mechanobiological system
Alexandra Iordachescu, Renush Vigneswaran, Aleksandar Atanasov, Liam Michael Grover, Anthony D. Metcalfe, Aleksander Cendrowicz
This paper develops a biomimetic spinal model to study axial mechanobiology and multi-segment coupling, enabling time-dependent adaptations and tissue maturation in vitro.
bioRxiv · Jun 23, 2026 · PreprintBioengineering