Representation in genetic studies affects inference about genetic architecture
Jared M. Cole, Shane Rybacki, Samuel Pattillo Smith, Olivia S. Smith, Arbel Harpak
Across UK Biobank, All of Us and FinnGen, the inferred mean direction (sign bias) of rare minor-allele effects varies and is largely explained by each cohort's trait skewness.
bioRxiv · Aug 19, 2026 · PreprintGenomics✦ In-depth digest