Author

Steven Cramer

Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute

Listed by name: these papers carry no ORCID for this author, so different people with the same name may be mixed together.

Biology Disciplines

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Bioengineering· 1 Bioinformatics· 1

Signature Assays, Organisms & Methods

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Research Focus:benchmarking· 2 Approach:deep learning· 2 Assay:DNA methylation· 2 Research Focus:drug response / drug discovery· 2 Approach:statistical model· 2 Assay:long-read sequencing· 1 Research Focus:protein design· 1 Research Focus:protein structure prediction· 1

Frequent Co-Authors

James HeuschkeliD· 2 shared Laura J. KingsleyiD· 2 shared Noah B. PefauriD· 2 shared Andrew E. NixoniD· 1 shared Di LiiD· 1 shared Jon M. Reed· 1 shared Matthew John WarneriD· 1 shared

Activity by Year

2026-2026 · peak 2/yr

Co-Author Collaboration Network

7 top collaborators · 18 mutual co-author links

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2 shared papersBioengineering

James HeuschkelORCID

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2 papers

Recent·Most cited

Directed Evolution in Codon Space

James Heuschkel, Laura J. Kingsley, Jon M. Reed, Di Li, Matthew John Warner, Noah B. Pefaur, Steven Cramer

This paper applies directed evolution to codon space, improving recombinant expression of 74% of tested therapeutics without altering protein sequence.

bioRxiv · Aug 28, 2026 · PreprintBioengineering

Advancing Codon Language Modeling with Synonymous Codon Constrained Masking

James Heuschkel, Laura J. Kingsley, Noah B. Pefaur, Andrew E. Nixon, Steven Cramer

This paper introduces SynCodonLM, a codon language model that enforces synonymous codon constraints, improving performance on DNA-level biology benchmarks.

Nucleic Acids Research · Feb 14, 2026Peer-reviewedBioinformatics