Spatiotemporal dynamics of β-lactam-resistant E. coli in young diseased calves in Wallonia, Belgium
Virginie Guérin, Nicolas Cabanel, Gan Min Marissa Diana Meijer, Guilhem Royer, Jean-Noël Duprez, Jacques Georges Mainil, Marc Saulmont, Damien Thiry, Philippe Glaser
This study examines β-lactam-resistant E. coli in calves across Wallonia, Belgium, finding that antibiotic restrictions reduced resistance but not population structure, with evidence of indirect farm transmission and potential human adaptation.
bioRxiv · Jan 21, 2026 · PreprintMicrobiology