Spatially coordinated RTK-ERK signaling dynamics shape osteosarcoma single-cell drug response in the lung microenvironment
Rawan Makkawi, Carol M. R. Halsey, Vaibhav Murthy, Elise C. Manalo, Hugo Cros, Xin Yi, Jessie May Cartier, Matthew Chang, Mark R. Flory, Kelly Guptell, Amy Gross, Ryan David Roberts, Jeremy Copperman, Alexander E. Davies
This study identifies FGFR-ERK signaling as a driver of adaptive resistance in osteosarcoma lung metastases and shows that combinatorial RTK inhibition enhances MCL1 inhibitor efficacy.
bioRxiv · Oct 2, 2026 · PreprintCancer Biology