The impact of sugar diet on humidity preference, survival, and host landing in mosquitoes

Abstract

Mosquito-borne diseases have caused more than one million deaths each year. There is an urgent need to develop an effective way to reduce mosquito-host interaction to mitigate disease transmission. Sugar diets have long been linked to abnormal physiology in animals, making them potential candidates for mosquito control. Here, we show the impact of sugar diets on humidity preference and survival in Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens. With two-choice assays between 100% and 75% relative humidity (RH), we demonstrate that the effect of sugar diets on humidity preference is species-specific where Ae. aegypti showed significant differences and the reduced effects were noted in Cx. pipiens. Among the sugar diets, arabinose significantly reduced the survival rate of mosquitoes even at low concentrations. Moreover, we found that host landing was not impacted by feeding on different sugar types. Our study suggests that specific sugar treatments could be applied to mosquito control by dampening their humidity preference and reducing their lifespan, thus reducing mosquito-borne disease transmission.