Barium titanate piezoelectric nanoparticles induce M1 polarization in mouse macrophages via ultrasound in vitro
Timothy Connolly, Camille Johnson, Allison Chen, Krzysztof Kempa, Dylan Hatt, Michael J. Naughton
This study shows that ultrasound activates M1 polarization in mouse macrophages loaded with barium titanate piezoelectric nanoparticles via calcium influx.
Scientific Reports · Nov 12, 2025Peer-reviewedBiophysics