Sex, Stress and the Heart: Long-term Cardiovascular Effects of Embryonic Metabolic Disruption
John J. Lees, Betul Biçici, S. Berglund, Kerri L. M. Smith, Gina L. J. Galli, Jordi Altimiras, Carlos Guerrero‐Bosagna
This study examines how embryonic hypoxia and hypothermia affect cardiovascular structure and function in chickens, revealing sex-specific differences in mitochondrial morphology and ventricular hypertrophy.
American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · Nov 26, 2025Peer-reviewedPhysiology