Impact of tissue staining and scanner variation on the performance of pathology foundation models: a study of sarcomas and their mimics
Binghao Chai, Jianan Chen, Paul Cool, Fatine Oumlil, Anna Tollit, David F. Steiner, Tapabrata Chakraborti, Adrienne Margaret Flanagan
Across 14 sarcoma and mimic subtypes, six pathology foundation models beat ResNet50 but lost accuracy under multi-institutional staining; adding 121 externally stained slides narrowed the gap.
The Journal of Pathology Clinical Research · Feb 24, 2026Peer-reviewedPathology✦ In-depth digest