APOBEC3 antagonism fully explains HIV-1 Vif essentiality under interferon and differentiation conditions
Ryo Shimizu, Michael Jonathan, Hiromi Terasawa, Akatsuki Saito, Kazuaki Monde, Terumasa Ikeda
This study shows that HIV-1 Vif's essential role in infectivity under interferon and differentiation conditions is fully explained by its antagonism of APOBEC3 proteins, not other targets.
bioRxiv · Apr 17, 2026 · PreprintMicrobiology