Maleic acid adjuvates BCG to induce CD4+CD8+ T cells and sterilize tuberculosis
Chenyue Shi, Hongyu Cheng, Xiaoli Feng, Xinyu Cao, Hongjie Liu, Qi Liu, Lu Zhang, Yuanna Cheng, Cheng Peng, Jinya Zhang, Qiaojiang Yang, Kejing Dong, Yuli Gao, Xinyi Hu, Yudan Liu, , Baoxue Ge
This study shows that maleic acid enhances BCG vaccination to induce CD4+CD8+ T cells that sterilize Mtb infection in mice.
bioRxiv · Sep 21, 2026 · PreprintMicrobiology