Animal Behavior & CognitionNature Ecology & EvolutionPeer-reviewed
African elephants address one another with individually specific calls
Michael A. Pardo, Kurt M. Fristrup, David S. Lolchuragi…·George Wittemyer
The paper shows wild African elephants use individually specific calls to address conspecifics without imitating receivers' vocalizations, indicating a non-imitative name analog in non-human species.
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