Cognitive Abilities and Testing

The paper uses network analysis to model brain structural covariance and cognitive abilities in struggling learners, finding positive correlations and intermediary roles of specific nodes.

This study compares the genetic and environmental origins of first-order and second-order cognitive abilities in human adults, finding that first-order abilities are heritable while second-order abilities are influenced by shared environments.

This study evaluates polygenic scores for intelligence and cognitive performance in a sample of 557 adults, finding they predict different facets of intelligence with varying accuracy.

This study shows that skeletal maturity, measured by bone age, predicts cognitive abilities in adolescents, with more mature individuals having higher working memory and processing speed, while older teens have better verbal abilities.

The paper shows that expanded layers 2 and 3 in the left temporal cortex correlate with higher verbal intelligence scores and specific neuronal features.

The paper examines how IQ, academic performance, and brain connectivity relate in physics students, finding IQ increases and associations with brain connectivity, but no mediation of academic outcomes.

The paper assesses cognitive function differences across age and gender using a large sample, finding minimal gender differences but highlighting environmental influences.

This study shows that both audio and video game training improves audiospatial performance in a cocktail-party task, with no difference between game types.

This study shows that n-back training improves working memory performance through strategy discovery, not increased capacity.

This study uses geometric deep learning to predict fluid intelligence from brain morphology across two cohorts, finding that amygdala, hippocampus, and specific cortical regions are key predictors.

This study shows that stronger activity in the fronto-parietal multiple-demand network is positively associated with better working memory and fluid intelligence performance.

The paper links working memory performance to brain activation patterns in children using fMRI data from a large longitudinal study.

This study examines the independent effects of socioeconomic status and genetic factors on brain development and cognition in adolescents, finding distinct associations with cortical surface area and working memory.

This study shows that playing immersive 3D video games for 4 weeks improves hippocampal-based memory in older adults, with benefits lasting up to 4 weeks after the intervention.

This study compares cognitive transfer expandability between computerized and non-computerized games using virtual and standard Rubik's Cubes, finding greater transfer from virtual to standard cubes.

This study shows that working memory training increases neural efficiency and shifts activation peaks towards higher loads in older adults, indicating functional plasticity.

The paper shows that distinct cortical morphology patterns are associated with different cognitive domains in children, highlighting the importance of sociodemographic factors.

The paper investigates the replicability of associations between cortical thickness and psychometric variables in healthy adults, finding low replicability and overestimated effect sizes.

This study investigates how cognitive reserve affects neural efficiency during working memory tasks and sentence processing in young adults using ERP measurements.

The paper investigates genetic and brain activation overlaps among cognitive traits, finding shared biological features between fluid intelligence and executive functioning.

The paper identifies a genetic general intelligence factor (g) that explains 58.4% of the genetic variance in cognitive traits using genome-wide data from seven cognitive tests.

This study investigates whether working memory training benefits transfer across different paradigms and finds that transfer is constrained by the training paradigm and task-specific processes.

The paper models fluid intelligence as a hierarchical system where white matter influences intermediate cognitive traits, which in turn affect fluid intelligence, showing age-related changes in the relationship.

This study identifies brain structure correlates of general intelligence using UK Biobank data, finding stronger associations in older adults and specific brain regions linked to intelligence.

The paper examines how socioeconomic status, measured by parental occupation, nonlinearly affects cortical thickness and language skills in children and adolescents.

The paper uses polygenic scores and socioeconomic data to predict verbal ability, finding that socioeconomic factors have a significant impact despite genetic contributions.

This study examines how childhood socioeconomic status relates to brain morphology changes from age 5 to 25, finding consistent positive associations with brain volume and specific cortical and subcortical regions.

The paper uses hierarchical Bayesian modeling to show that neural processing speed partially mediates the link between cognitive abilities and evidence accumulation speed, with limited predictive power from the model.

The paper examines the Scarr-Rowe effect using the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, finding increased genetic expressivity of polygenic scores on IQ with higher parental socioeconomic status.