Discover, rate, and discuss biology preprints.
363,000+ bioRxiv and medRxiv preprints, including those later published in peer-reviewed journals, across 26 biological disciplines.
Recent preprints
- BioinformaticsbioRxivPreprint
aaKomp: Alignment-free amino acid k-mer matching for genome completeness assessment at scale
Johnathan Wong, Lauren Coombe, René L. Warren, İnanç Birol
aaKomp provides a fast, memory-efficient, alignment-free method for genome completeness assessment, outperforming existing tools in speed and scalability.
DOI 10.64898/2026.03.19.713078 - BioinformaticsBioinformaticsPeer-reviewed✦ In-depth digest
Whole-genome prediction of bacterial pathogenic capacity on novel bacteria using protein language models, with PathogenFinder2
Alfred Ferrer Florensa, José Juan Almagro Armenteros, Rolf Sommer Kaas…·Frank M. Aarestrup
A ProtT5-embedding, ConvNext-plus-attention ensemble predicts human pathogenic capacity from whole bacterial genomes, outperforming prior predictors on species absent from training and flagging influential proteins.
50 citationstop 1% - BioinformaticsBioinformaticsPeer-reviewed
Evaluating Deep Learning Based Structure Prediction Methods on Antibody-Antigen Complexes
Samuel Fromm, Marko Ludaic, Arne Elofsson
This study benchmarks deep learning methods for predicting antibody-antigen complex structures, finding that increased sampling improves accuracy but model selection remains challenging, with AlphaFold3 performing best overall.
19 citationstop 1% - BioinformaticsBioinformaticsPeer-reviewed
MegaPX: fast and space-efficient peptide assignment method using IBF-based multi-indexing
Ahmad Lutfi, Tanja Holstein, Sandro Andreotti, Thilo Muth
MegaPX is a fast and space-efficient tool for classifying de novo peptide sequences against large protein databases using k-mer-based methods and Bloom filters.
DOI 10.1093/bioinformatics/btag134 - BioinformaticsFuture FoodsPeer-reviewed
PepBERT: Lightweight language models for bioactive peptide representation
Zhenjiao Du, Doina Caragea, Xiaolong Guo, Yonghui Li
PepBERT is a lightweight peptide language model that outperforms ESM-2 on most peptide-related tasks, enabling better representation of bioactive peptides for downstream applications.
12 citationstop 1% - BioinformaticsChemPhysChemPeer-reviewed
Towards automatic derivation of geometry-based descriptors as surrogates for complex computational approaches in enzyme-substrate prediction
Carlos Eduardo Sequeiros-Borja, Petr Škoda, Jan Brezovský
The paper introduces geometry-based descriptors to predict enzyme-substrate interactions with high accuracy and interpretability, outperforming existing machine learning methods with minimal training data.
DOI 10.1002/cphc.202500883 - BioinformaticsbioRxivPreprint
Long-read metagenomic sequencing reveals novel lineages and functional diversity in urban soil microbiome
Yiqian Duan, Anna Cuscó, Yaozhong Zhang…·Luis Pedro Coelho
The paper uses long-read metagenomic sequencing to analyze urban soil samples, revealing novel microbial lineages and extensive functional diversity.
DOI 10.64898/2026.03.20.713087 - BioinformaticsbioRxivPreprint
Improving genomic language model reliability under distribution shift
Gavin Hearne, Mohammad S. Refahi, Robi Polikar A, GAIL L. ROSEN
This study evaluates uncertainty quantification methods to improve reliability of genomic language models under distribution shift in genomic and metagenomic tasks.
DOI 10.64898/2026.03.19.712858 - BioinformaticsbioRxivPreprint
A Multi-Dataset Transcriptomic Analysis Unravels Core Mechanisms Involving Vitamin D Metabolism and Inflammatory Pathways for Frailty Diagnosis.
Xianping Hu, Wei Zheng, Yiyuan Li, Daixing Zhou
This study identifies molecular signatures for frailty using transcriptomic data from two datasets, highlighting vitamin D metabolism and inflammatory pathways as key features.
DOI 10.64898/2026.03.18.712587 - BioinformaticsbioRxivPreprint
Bacteriophage host prediction using a genome language model
This paper evaluates a genome language model for predicting bacteriophage hosts using embeddings, finding it effective for narrowing host candidates and capturing broad evolutionary relationships when combined with existing methods.
DOI 10.64898/2026.03.19.712863 - BioinformaticsMolecular Systems BiologyPeer-reviewed
VEFill: a model for accurate and generalizable deep mutational scanning score imputation across protein domains
Polina Polunina, Wolfgang Maier, Alan F. Rubin
VEFill is a gradient boosting model that imputes missing DMS scores across protein domains, achieving strong predictive performance and generalization to new proteins.
DOI 10.1038/s44320-026-00203-y - BioinformaticsbioRxivPreprint
HViLM: A Foundation Model for Viral Genomics Enables Multi-Task Prediction of Pathogenicity, Transmissibility, and Host Tropism
Pratik Dutta, Jack Vaska, Pallavi Surana…·Ramana V. Davuluri
HViLM is a foundation model for viral genomics that predicts pathogenicity, transmissibility, and host tropism across multiple viral families with high accuracy.
DOI 10.64898/2026.03.18.712700 - BioinformaticsNature MethodsPeer-reviewed
LazySlide: accessible and interoperable whole slide image analysis
Yimin Zheng, Ernesto Abila, Eva Chrenková…·André F. Rendeiro
LazySlide provides an open-source Python package for whole-slide image analysis and multimodal integration, enabling efficient histopathology workflows with minimal setup.
5 citationstop 2% - BioinformaticsNature CommunicationsPeer-reviewed
Ultra-precision deconvolution of spatial transcriptomics decodes immune heterogeneity and fate-defining programs in tissues
Yin Xu, Zurui Huang, Yawei Zhang…·Dali Han
The paper introduces UCASpatial, an ultra-precision spatial transcriptomics deconvolution algorithm, to improve the identification of immune cell subpopulations and their functional roles in tissue microenvironments.
- BioinformaticsPLoS ONEPeer-reviewed
Exploring brain lobe-specific insights in an explainable framework for EEG-based schizophrenia detection
Md. Milon Hossain, Md. Nurul Ahad Tawhid
This paper develops an EEG-based framework using CNNs and mel-spectrograms to detect schizophrenia, identifying brain lobe-specific performance and explainability with XAI techniques.
5 citationstop 1% - BioinformaticsbioRxivPreprint
GenBio-PathFM: A State-of-the-Art Foundation Model for Histopathology
Saarthak Kapse, Mehmet Aygün, Elijah Cole…·Eric P. Xing
GenBio-PathFM is a foundation model for histopathology that achieves state-of-the-art performance with less training data by using a diverse data curation pipeline and a dual-stage learning strategy.
1 citation - BioinformaticsbioRxivPreprint
ISdetector: precise mapping of insertion sequences and associated structural variations from short-read sequencing data
ISdetector maps insertion sequences and detects structural variations from short-read data with high accuracy and scalability.
DOI 10.64898/2026.03.18.712784 - BioinformaticsbioRxivPreprint
Systematic assessment of machine learning-based variant annotation methods for rare variant association testing
Matthew Aguirre, Flaviyan Jerome Irudayanathan, Maggie Old Crow…·Kipper Fletez‐Brant
The paper benchmarks five machine learning-based variant annotation methods for rare variant association testing across 350,377 UK Biobank participants, finding CADD provides best signal separation and GPN-MSA highest enrichment for loss-of-function intolerant genes.
DOI 10.64898/2026.03.18.712715 - BioinformaticsbioRxivPreprint
ChiMER: Integrating chromatin architecture into splicing graphs for chimeric enhancer RNAs detection
Yujia Xiang, Xinyu Xiao, Bingkun Zhou, Linhai Xie
ChiMER detects enhancer-exon fusion transcripts by integrating chromatin architecture into splicing graphs, improving sensitivity over conventional methods.
DOI 10.64898/2026.03.16.711958