Evolutionary BiologybioRxiv
Seeing distinct groups where there are none: spurious patterns from between-group PCA
A. J. Cardini, P. O'Higgins, F. J. Rohlf
This paper shows that between-groups PCA can falsely suggest group differences when none exist, especially with more variables than groups and small samples.
DOI 10.1007/s11692-019-09487-5