Evolutionary BiologybioRxivPreprint
Multiple Shifts from Peptide-Based to Metabolite-Based Venoms in Ants
Eva Vandenbroucke-Menu, Leonie Rosay, Jérôme Orivel…·Axel Touchard
This paper identifies seven independent transitions from peptide-based to metabolite-based venoms in ants, linked to ecological and morphological changes.
DOI 10.64898/2026.09.24.754088