NeurosciencebioRxivPreprint
Vagal dopaminergic afferents link interoception to trigeminal pain modulation
Hyeonwi Son, Deoksoo Han, Tingting Li…·Yu Shin Kim
This study shows that vagus nerve stimulation reduces TMD-related pain by activating dopaminergic vagal afferents that modulate trigeminal nociceptors.
DOI 10.64898/2026.03.27.714928