Kristen L. Jakubowski

This study quantifies how triceps surae and Achilles tendon contribute to ankle stiffness during posture and movement, finding that muscle stiffness decreases during movement, leading to more equal contributions from both structures.

This study tests the effect of different exoskeleton torque levels on balance during perturbations, finding that higher torque does not always improve balance and may even hinder it in some individuals.

The paper decomposes reactive joint torques during balance recovery into feedforward and feedback components using a modified sensorimotor response model.

This study finds that aging does not change muscle or tendon stiffness at matched loads but reduces stiffness at matched effort due to decreased strength.