Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

This study investigates how tonic and phasic arousal interact to influence attention and performance in humans during an auditory task.

The paper identifies an extended motivational signal in the orbitofrontal cortex to anterior cingulate cortex pathway during learning in mice.

This study investigates the role of the rat prelimbic cortex in decision-making, finding it influences decision thresholds and reveals sex-based differences in learning.

The paper shows that anterior cingulate cortex inhibition disrupts information-based choice preference in female rats, suggesting a sex-dependent role for ACC in decision-making involving information.

This study uses an XGBoost-SHAP model to analyze EEG data and identify temporal features of emotional regulation, revealing the role of the lateral prefrontal cortex in emotional processing.

This study investigates subcortical involvement in working memory updating using 7T MRI and finds subcortical activation during gate closing and substitution, suggesting a role in general updating processes rather than specific gating.

This study uses fMRI and Hidden-Markov models to show that mixed valence feelings have distinct and less consistent neural patterns compared to univalent states in specific brain regions.

This study examines the acute effects of cocoa flavanols on cognitive control and response inhibition in healthy young adults, finding no significant improvements with either dosage.

The paper uses fMRI and a novel multivariate analysis to show orthogonal neural representations of target and distractor processing in cognitive control tasks.

This study shows how the human lateral prefrontal cortex uses different geometric representations for flat and hierarchical tasks, enhancing separability and abstract encoding of task-relevant variables.

This study investigates the 5-CSRTT task in rats, finding that response accuracy reflects sustained attention while omissions indicate failure to attend to stimulus location.

The paper investigates how task uncertainty affects cognitive flexibility by comparing human and monkey behavior with artificial neural networks, finding that feature interference causes performance costs.

This study examines how low alcohol doses affect inhibitory control and brain activity during a stop-signal task in healthy social drinkers.

The paper investigates how reinforcement and its omission affect trial-by-trial changes in response bias during perceptual decision-making in rats, finding that a generalized matching law-based model better explains the data than traditional criterion learning models.

This study investigates the roles of caudate and putamen in spatial self-ordered sequencing in marmosets using glutamate receptor blockade, showing distinct contributions to variable and fixed sequencing tasks.

This study introduces a novel RNN model called SPEL that mimics prefrontal cortex activity by minimizing sequence prediction error, showing it matches neural responses and behavior in monkeys.

The paper introduces a dynamic model to analyze strategy shifts in reward learning, showing a progression from model-based exploration to exploitation and reduced engagement in rats.

The paper tests whether threat cues improve perceptual discrimination and finds no improvement despite increased neural activity in the frontoparietal network.

This study investigates how the brain learns and uses attentional templates in decision-making tasks, showing that templates are represented in prefrontal and parietal cortex and transform stimuli into value representations.

The paper investigates neural mechanisms of healthy food choice, finding that prefrontal cortex activity correlates with self-control and long-term reward maximization, but not cognitive control.

The paper examines sex differences in subcortical brain volume trajectories across adolescence using longitudinal data from two European sites.

The paper investigates the cortical, genetic, and molecular dissociation of three attention networks using multimodal neuroimaging and finds that gene expression co-varies with activation maps but neurotransmitter receptor distributions do not align with the networks.

The paper shows that practice-induced strategy shifts in task learning are mediated by cost-benefit analysis, supported by computational modeling and fMRI data.

This study investigates ERP correlates of confidence during decision formation in a perceptual judgment task and finds that higher confidence is associated with larger CPP amplitudes, independent of relative evidence.

The paper identifies neurons in the Supplementary Eye Field that encode proactive self-control signals independent of cost-benefit estimation in monkeys.

The paper investigates how hostile attribution bias affects neural synchrony in the left ventromedial prefrontal cortex during social narratives, finding it correlates with attributional complexity and can be classified from neural data.

This study investigates how reward expectations influence effort expenditure through reference-dependent mechanisms, showing ventral striatal neural signals track these expectations and deviations.

The paper shows that category-based attention enhances memory search efficiency by modulating visual processing and directing spatial attention to within-category distractors.

This study examines how reproductive experience affects cost-benefit decision making in male and female rats, finding sex-specific differences in risk-taking and intertemporal choice.

This study uses fMRI to separate the effects of task process and stimulus domain on control networks during semantic and non-semantic tasks, finding both factors influence activation patterns.