BioengineeringBiomaterials SciencePeer-reviewed
Leveraging microtopography to pattern multi-oriented muscle actuators
Tamara Rossy, Laura Schwendeman, Sonika Kohli…·Ritu Raman
This paper introduces STAMP, a method to pattern microtopography on hydrogels for aligning muscle fibers, demonstrating its use in creating a biohybrid iris robot.