Bayesian inference of chromatin structure ensembles from population Hi-C data

High-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) experiments are typically performed on a large population of cells and therefore only yield average numbers of genomic contacts. Nevertheless population Hi-C data are often interpreted in terms of a single genomic structure, which ignores all cell-to-cell variability. We propose a probabilistic, statistically rigorous method to infer chromatin structure ensembles from population Hi-C data that takes the ensemble nature of the data explicitly into account and allows us to infer the number of structures required to explain the data.