Tryptophan and brain disorders

This study investigates how chronic ACTH treatment induces anhedonia-like behavior in rats by altering peripheral inflammation and central dopamine dynamics, with limited reversal by bupropion.

This study shows that kynurenic acid promotes microglia-mediated synaptic pruning in schizophrenia by reducing neuronal activity and linking genetic risk variants to KYNA production.

This study shows OCT2 regulates tryptophan availability in the brain, affecting SSRI efficacy in a depression model.

The paper investigates how inhibiting kynurenine aminotransferase II (KAT II) affects sleep disturbances caused by kynurenine in rats.

This study shows that a grape-derived polyphenol preparation reduces depression and anxiety-like behaviors in mice by altering microglia morphology and modulating inflammatory pathways.

The paper investigates how acute systemic inflammation affects mental effort allocation and decision-making, finding reduced acceptance of medium-effort tasks with preserved accuracy.

This study examines sex-specific effects of voluntary wheel running on behavior and the gut microbiota-immune-brain axis in mice, finding differential impacts on weight, anxiety-like behaviors, and inflammatory markers.

This study shows that inhibiting KAT II reduces KYNA levels, improving sleep quality in rats exposed to embryonic kynurenine and in controls.

This study shows that methylglyoxal impairs neuronal function and induces depression by depleting tryptophan and disrupting its metabolism in the brain and intestine.

The paper shows that prenatal exposure to air pollution and maternal stress in mice causes social deficits in male offspring, which can be prevented by microbiome modulation or dopamine activation.

This study examines how clenbuterol reduces immune activation in adolescents exposed to LPS and links immune biomarkers to anhedonia.

The paper finds increased levels of neurotoxic metabolites in mild COVID-19 patients, associated with inflammation and hypertension.

The paper shows that schizophrenia hiPSC-derived NPCs have a reduced transcriptional response to IFN-gamma compared to controls, with implications for synaptic development and mitochondrial genes.

The paper constructs a regulatory network model of 44 immune and neurotransmission mediators to show that inflammation is linked to chronic pain, depression, and opioid addiction through increased NF-kB and inflammatory signaling proteins.

This study shows that localized infusion of C20:0 ceramides into the ventral hippocampus of rats activates microglia and induces reversible anhedonia-like behavior.

The paper uses MRI and Bayesian hierarchical modeling to show that immune dysfunction in mice affects specific brain regions and correlates with anxiety-like behaviors.

This study examines how early or late prenatal maternal immune activation affects mouse embryo brain development, finding distinct neuroanatomical changes depending on exposure timing.

This study shows that IFN-γ exposure in human iPSC-derived neurons increases MHCI and C4A expression while decreasing synapsin I protein, suggesting a role in neurodevelopmental disorders.

This study compares the effects of TLR3 and TLR7 agonists on maternal blood, placenta, and fetal brain in mice, revealing distinct immune responses and implications for schizophrenia risk.

This study shows lithium inhibits the inflammatory kynurenine pathway in human microglia by reducing IDO1 activity through modulation of STAT1 and STAT3 phosphorylation.

The paper links indoxyl sulfate, a gut microbiome-derived metabolite, to anxiety symptoms and specific brain connectivity patterns in patients with depression.

This study examines kynurenine pathway (KP) alterations in post-mortem prefrontal cortex and cerebellum of schizophrenia patients, linking KP changes to monoamine metabolism and symptomatology.

This study shows that maternal immune activation in mice improves visual discrimination and reversal learning in a sex-dependent manner, with potential compensatory plasticity mechanisms.

This study shows that maternal infection with Poly(I:C) affects prepulse inhibition in offspring differently depending on the breeder, but not startle response or adaptation.

This study examines how postpartum corticosterone and fluoxetine affect the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway in dams, showing increased neurotoxic metabolites and limited SSRI efficacy.

The paper shows neonatal LPS exposure reduces PFC ATP8A2 in mice by increasing IFN-γ, which is linked to depressive-like behaviors.

This study shows that early gestational MIA exposure in mice leads to lasting brain and behavioral changes, while late exposure has less impact, with molecular changes in the dorsal hippocampus.

This study investigates the effects of early and late prenatal maternal immune activation on neonatal neurodevelopment using behavioral and MRI assessments, finding subtle impacts on communication and brain anatomy.

This study examines the effects of diet-induced obesity and psychogenic stress on neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in rats, finding synergistic increases in biomarkers and associations with anxiety-like behaviors.