Zaida K. Rodriguez

This study uses cryoET to reveal that HIV-1 cell-cell transmission occurs in secluded intercellular spaces, and develops flow cytometry to show CD4 partially mediates conjugate formation but not entry.

The paper shows that Chimalliviridae form a lipid membrane-bound EPI vesicle during early infection, which hosts transcription of the phage genome, and demonstrates the necessity of a second compartment, the phage nucleus, for genome replication.