Respiratory viral infections research

The actin-binding protein drebrin interacts with the respiratory syncytial virus matrix protein and promotes virus particle release.

This study identifies drebrin and TM9SF2 as host factors that regulate RSV release by promoting membrane scission during viral budding.

Metatranscriptomics reveals diverse microbial communities in PCR-negative severe acute respiratory infections

The paper uses metatranscriptomics to analyze PCR-negative SARI samples, identifying microbial transcripts in 43% of cases and highlighting polymicrobial compositions and novel pathogens.

RSV & rhinovirus coinfection order dictates outcome via type III interferon-mediated interference in infant respiratory epithelium

This study shows that the order of RSV and RV infection in infants determines disease outcome through type III interferon-mediated viral interference.

Distinct mechanisms of neutralization by antibodies targeting a conserved pneumovirus F epitope

This study identifies two antibody classes that neutralize pneumovirus by targeting a conserved epitope, revealing distinct mechanisms of action through structural and functional analyses.

Pan-neutralization of parainfluenza viruses by a hemagglutinin-neuraminidase antibody

This paper identifies a monoclonal antibody, PVA269, that broadly neutralizes multiple parainfluenza viruses by targeting the HN glycoprotein, showing potent prophylactic activity in a cotton rat model.

Architectural trade-offs between environmental stability and genomic redundancy reveal divergent pneumoviral entry strategies

The paper compares RSV and hMPV entry strategies, showing RSV uses structural organization for thermotolerance while hMPV uses genomic redundancy for stability.

A hierarchical activation threshold shapes RSV F antibody repertoires from toddler vulnerability to adult protection

This study identifies a hierarchical activation threshold in RSV F antibody repertoires, explaining pediatric vulnerability and adult protection through distinct antibody subclasses and epitope targeting.

Rational antigen engineering and mucosal delivery design for next-generation RSV vaccines

This paper develops a structure-guided RSV vaccine platform with stabilized prefusion F immunogens and mucosal delivery, showing protection in animal models and advancing to clinical trials.

Evidence for a biphasic mechanism of virus transmission of the human metapneumovirus in LLC-MK2 cell monolayers.

This study shows HMPV transmission in LLC-MK2 cells occurs in two phases: initial cell-to-cell spread via virus filaments, followed by cell-free virus spread linked to membrane changes and signaling pathway activation.

Genomic Surveillance of Respiratory Syncytial Virus among Patients with Acute Respiratory Infection through Hospital-Based Influenza Surveillance Platforms in Bangladesh, August 2024-December 2025

This study conducts whole-genome sequencing of RSV in Bangladesh, characterizing genetic diversity and vaccine targets, and deposits genomes in GISAID.

Early-life exposure to commensal lung bacteria primes innate antiviral immunity and prevents RSV immunopathology in neonatal mice

This study shows that early-life exposure to a specific lung bacterial strain reduces RSV immunopathology by enhancing antiviral immunity in neonatal mice and human airway models.

Functional Characterization of RSV Clades Associated with Prophylactic Breakthrough Infections in Pediatric Transmission Clusters

This study investigates RSV clades associated with prophylactic breakthrough infections in pediatric transmission clusters and finds that clade associations are driven by transmission dynamics rather than resistance.

Multi-omic analysis identifies mitochondrial dysfunction as a conserved driver of acute severity and long-term complications in RSV infection

This paper identifies mitochondrial dysfunction as a key driver of RSV infection severity and long-term complications through multi-omic analysis across multiple datasets and systems.

Unique nasal cell states induced by common pediatric respiratory viruses

This study maps virus-specific nasal cell states in children using single-cell RNA sequencing and links them to disease severity and asthma risk.

A confirmatory, dual-centric non-human primate study on the efficacy of novel oropharyngeal spray immunization with an adenoviral vector vaccine against RSV -- Important lessons learned

This study evaluates a DNA-adenoviral prime-boost vaccine for RSV in non-human primates, showing reduced viral replication but challenges in multi-centre trials.

Mutations and predicted glycosylation patterns in respiratory syncytial virus isolates correlate with disease severity.

The paper analyzes RSV isolates to identify mutations and glycosylation patterns linked to disease severity in hospitalized infants.

The actin motor protein MYO10 facilitates post-entry spread of respiratory syncytial virus

This study identifies MYO10 as a host factor critical for RSV post-entry spread, showing that its disruption reduces viral dissemination without affecting early infection stages.

RSV Infects the Human Nasal Epithelium via the Basolateral Route with Distinct Subgroup Infectivity and Basal Cell Tropism

This study shows RSV can infect respiratory epithelium via the basolateral route, targeting basal cells, with RSV/B/BA showing higher basolateral infectivity than RSV/A/ON.

Streptococcus pneumoniae colonization modulates human nasal epithelial responses to respiratory syncytial virus infection

This study shows that Streptococcus pneumoniae precolonization reduces RSV levels and modulates epithelial transcriptional responses to RSV infection more than other nasal bacteria.

RSM01, an extended half-life RSV monoclonal antibody with a high barrier to resistance

This study evaluates the resistance barrier of RSM01, a long-acting RSV monoclonal antibody, showing infrequent and moderate in vitro resistance compared to licensed mAbs.

De novo design of a safe and potent respiratory syncytial virus immuno-focusing antigen

This study designs a de novo RSV antigen using AI to reduce immunopathology while maintaining immunogenicity, showing safety and efficacy in preclinical models.

Expression Levels of the Attachment Protein G Differ Between Strains of a Murine Pneumovirus and Determine the Virulence

The paper identifies differences in G protein expression levels between PVM strains, linking these differences to virulence through genetic variations in the G gene.

A single methylation site regulates HRSV nucleocapsid architecture and replication

This study identifies R27 methylation as a regulator of HRSV nucleocapsid structure and replication through molecular dynamics and cryo-EM analyses.

Antiviral drug synergy and mutational signatures in different epithelial cell models of RSV and hPIV infection

This study evaluates antiviral drug synergy and mutational signatures of RdRp inhibitors against RSV and hPIV in epithelial cell models and primary airway cultures.

A rhinovirus vaccine evokes T cell mediated cross-reactive immunity in a preclinical model of rhinovirus infection

This study evaluates a rhinovirus (RV) vaccine, showing it induces cross-reactive T cell immunity and protection against heterotypic RV infection in mice.

Dynamics of interactions between three major respiratory pathogens in reconstituted human epithelium

This study examines virus-virus interactions among IAV, SARS-CoV-2, and RSV in a human airway epithelium model, revealing dynamic, asymmetric effects influenced by infection order and host responses.

Human Rhinovirus 16 impacts cilia structure in 3D cultured primary bronchial epithelial tissue through alternative splicing of host cilia RNAs.

This study shows HRV16 infection alters host cilia structure via alternative splicing of cilia RNAs, mediated by SRPK1 regulation.

Evolutionary dynamics of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic periods in Houston, Texas, USA

This study analyzes RSV evolutionary dynamics across pre-pandemic, pandemic, and post-pandemic periods in Houston, finding reduced diversity during the pandemic and increased non-synonymous mutations in RSV/B.

Respiratory syncytial virus load-dependent ciliated cell dedifferentiation and downregulation of immune response genes

This study shows RSV causes ciliated cell dedifferentiation and downregulates immune response genes, with IRF1 remaining expressed and reducing viral replication.

Liquid-liquid phase separation mediated immune evasion of RSV against OAS-RNase L pathway

This study shows RSV uses liquid-liquid phase separation to shield viral RNA from the OAS-RNase L antiviral pathway, enabling immune evasion.