Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms

A PTM Regulatory Enzyme Co expression Code Defines Microglial Functional Heterogeneity in Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury

The paper identifies PTM enzyme co-expression modules in microglia during cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, revealing distinct metabolic, inflammatory, and reparative states with dynamic spatiotemporal patterns.

Dual Role of Microglial TREM2 in Neuronal Degeneration and Regeneration After Axotomy

This study investigates how TREM2 in microglia influences neuronal degeneration and regeneration after axotomy, finding TREM2 promotes removal of degenerating motoneurons and supports regeneration of others.

An Alzheimer's disease-associated common regulatory variant in a PTK2B intron alters microglial function

The paper validates an Alzheimer's disease-associated SNP in PTK2B that alters microglial function through changes in chromatin accessibility and gene expression.

The Microglia Forebrain Assembloid Model Recapitulates Human Brain Development and Neuroimmune Biology.

The paper creates a microglia forebrain assembloid to study human brain development and neuroimmune interactions, showing microglia's role in cortex formation and metabolic changes.

A human neuron-microglia tri-culture platform to study the influence of microglia on developing neuronal networks in vitro

This paper develops a human neuron-microglia tri-culture platform to study cell-cell interactions during cortical development and disease modeling.

Viral Microglia Reprogramming Clears Oligomeric Neurotoxic Debris

This paper demonstrates that attenuated virotherapy with PVSRIPO reprograms microglia to clear neurotoxic debris and enhance immune surveillance in mouse models.

Meningeal neutrophil infiltration drives inflammation-exacerbated pediatric stroke through IL-36γ signaling

This study identifies meningeal neutrophil infiltration and IL-36γ signaling as key drivers of inflammation-exacerbated pediatric stroke.

Microglia as transcriptional pacemakers of neuronal aging heterogeneity across individuals

The paper identifies microglial transcriptional programs as predictors of inter-individual variation in neuronal aging using single-nucleus RNA sequencing data from 226 adults.

Integration of iPSC-derived microglia into human midbrain organoids enhances microglial maturation and inflammatory signaling

This study integrates iPSC-derived microglia into human midbrain organoids to enhance microglial maturation and inflammatory signaling, revealing altered transcriptional signatures in dopaminergic neurons and astrocytes.

Microglia detection and phagocytosis of dying neurons is regulated by CX3CR1

This study shows that CX3CL1/CX3CR1 signaling regulates microglia detection and phagocytosis of dying neurons in the mouse cortex.

Neuropathological hallmarks during the chronic phase of ischemic stroke in mice and humans

This study examines chronic neurological changes after ischemic stroke in mice and humans, finding persistent inflammation, neuronal damage, and signs of accelerated aging in the brain.

STAT4-dependent regulation of neuroinflammation in atherosclerosis

This study shows that STAT4 deficiency reduces neuroinflammation and cognitive deficits in atherosclerosis by improving efferocytosis and reducing leukocyte activation.

Temporal regulation of human reactive astrocytes reveals their capacity for antigen presentation

This study shows human astrocytes can present antigens via MHCII after chronic cytokine exposure, revealing their potential as antigen-presenting cells.

Affiliative behavioural phenotype and microglial activation predict social decision-making following immune activation

The paper investigates how affiliative behavioural phenotypes and microglial activation predict social decision-making in California mice following immune activation.

Age and IFN-β-induced changes in glial morphometry can be captured by in vivo diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

This study uses dMRS to show IFN-β increases thalamic tCho diffusivity and age is linked to lower tNAA diffusivity and higher tCho/tCr in white matter.

An optimized protocol for single-brain isolation of sex-defined pure mouse astrocyte cultures

This paper introduces a protocol to generate sex-specific, high-purity astrocyte cultures from single neonatal mouse brains, avoiding the need for tissue pooling.

Dynamics of Neutrophilia at the Neurovascular Unit Arising from Repeated Pulmonary Inflammation

This study investigates how repeated pulmonary inflammation leads to neutrophil dynamics at the neurovascular unit, showing increased neutrophilia and microglial activation in the brain.

Germ-free piglets display variable neuroinflammatory-like perturbations in prefrontal cortical microglia

This study examines how germ-free conditions affect microglial dynamics in piglets' prefrontal cortex, finding region-specific neuroinflammatory changes in the absence of microbial colonization.

The Microglial TREM2 Receptor Programs Hippocampal Development in a Mouse Model of Childhood Deprivation

The paper shows that TREM2 deficiency contributes to impaired microglial pruning and hippocampal dysfunction in a mouse model of childhood deprivation, and that TREM2 overexpression can rescue these deficits.

Neuroinflammatory Stress Preferentially Impacts Synaptic MAPK Signaling and Mitochondria in Excitatory Neurons

This study identifies synaptic proteome changes in response to neuroinflammation, revealing mitochondrial and MAPK signaling disruptions in excitatory neurons linked to Alzheimer's disease.

Intranasal HSV 1 Infection Drives Region Specific Interferon Dominant Microglial Remodeling

This study investigates how HSV-1 infection remodels microglial transcriptional and epigenetic states, revealing IFN-responsive dominance and loss of homeostatic signatures in specific brain regions.

Constitutive expression of CX3CR1-BAC-Cre introduces minimal off-target effects in microglia

This study examines the effects of constitutive CX3CR1-BAC-Cre expression on microglia and finds minimal off-target effects compared to tamoxifen-induced models.

CD8⁺ T cells induce interstrand crosslinking-associated DNA damage in neurons

This study shows CD8+ T cells induce interstrand crosslinking-like DNA damage in neurons, contributing to neurologic dysfunction in viral infections and neurodegenerative diseases.

Glial and BBB modifications correlate with early anxio-depressive-like behaviors and cognitive inflexibility in 3xTg-AD mice

This study links BBB and glial cell changes to anxio-depressive behaviors and cognitive inflexibility in early-stage 3xTg-AD mice.

Computational modeling-directed combination treatment with etanercept and mifepristone mitigates neuroinflammation in a mouse model of Gulf War Illness.

This study identifies a combination treatment with etanercept and mifepristone that reduces neuroinflammation in a mouse model of Gulf War Illness through computational modeling and in vivo testing.

DRP1 induces neuroinflammation via transcriptional regulation of NF-ĸB

This study identifies DRP1 as a transcription factor that regulates neuroinflammation by activating NF-κB and lipocalin 2, offering potential therapeutic targets for neurodegenerative diseases.

HLA-DRB1*15:01 drives sex- and age-dependent microglial activation and neuroimmune signaling

This study shows that HLA-DRB1*15:01 causes age- and sex-dependent microglial activation and neuroimmune signaling changes linked to cognitive impairment and inflammation in the CNS.

Astrocyte diversity and aging in the mouse lemur primate brain

This study characterizes astrocyte diversity and age-related changes in the mouse lemur brain, identifying region-specific vulnerabilities and distinct astrocyte subtypes.

Ethanol drinking sex-dependently alters cortical IL-1β synaptic signaling and cognitive behavior in mice

This study shows that ethanol drinking sex-dependently affects IL-1β signaling and cognitive function in the medial prefrontal cortex of mice, with females showing greater neuroprotection.

Modulation of mitochondria-ER contacts decrease inflammasome formation and restores amyloid β-peptide phagocytosis in adult mouse microglia

This study shows that modulating mitochondria-ER contacts reduces inflammasome activation and restores Aβ phagocytosis in AD microglia.