MiR-302-Induced anti-aging neural stem cells enhance cognitive function and extend lifespan

Abstract

Neural stem cells play a vital role in maintaining tissue stability and extending lifespan. Transplanting these cells to treat neurodegenerative diseases faces challenges like cellular aging, low viability, and immune rejection. We have effectively reprogrammed human fibroblasts into induced neural stem cells (iNSCs) via a single-factor miR-302a strategy, which converted skin fibroblasts into human-induced neural stem cells (hiNSCs) within 2-3 days. These cells showed delayed aging and increased resistance to oxidative stress compared to wild-type cells. Implanting them into the hippocampus of senescence-accelerated mice improved cognitive performance in severe Alzheimers, prolonged lifespan by 34%, increased fatigue resistance, and improved hair regeneration and reproductive capacity. Our findings suggest that miR-302a-hiNSCs can improve functional recovery in Alzheimers and promote healthy aging.