Discover, rate, and discuss biology preprints.

This study shows that sex hormones and sex chromosomes have opposing effects on Th17 cell-mediated autoimmunity in mice, with hormones reducing disease severity and chromosomes increasing it.

This study develops a tetravalent dengue mRNA vaccine that induces broad, durable, and protective immunity across all four serotypes in mice.

This study shows that mRNA vaccines can prime and mature ultrarare HIV bnAb precursor B cells in NHPs, with improved affinity using a modified immunogen.

This study uses PET imaging to track CCR2+ monocyte and macrophage infiltration in arthritis, showing correlation with disease severity and structural changes.

This study compares SR-A expression in myeloid cells from septic mice and humans, finding increased SR-A in mice but no change in humans, suggesting different roles in sepsis pathophysiology.

The paper shows zebrafish lack canonical necroptosis due to absence of MLKL, despite functional RIPK3, and demonstrates viability of Caspase-8-deficient zebrafish without necroptosis.

This study characterizes polyclonal antibody responses to RSV and hMPV fusion proteins, revealing shared and distinct antigenic features that may inform vaccine design.

This study engineers human iPSC-derived neutrophils to express ACE, enhancing their antimicrobial function and reducing bacterial burdens in neutropenic mice.

This study links HIV reservoir size to biological aging and non-AIDS comorbidities in people on suppressive antiretroviral therapy, independent of inflammation and immune history.

This study shows Rab27a modulation improves neutrophil function in hemorrhage patients facing secondary respiratory infections by enhancing recruitment and antimicrobial activity.

The paper identifies plasma B cells as the dominant immune subset in fibrotic hearts of chronic Trypanosoma cruzi-infected mice, revealing their role in sustaining cardiac fibrosis through interactions with fibroblasts.

This study shows that HCMV glycoprotein B, not the pentameric complex, is a target of antibody-mediated phagocytosis, suggesting gB should be prioritized for vaccines against vertical transmission.

This paper quantifies how mechanical and chemical stimuli affect macrophage activation, finding mechanical cues primarily shift the effector arm rather than the interferon arm of the response.

This study identifies KLRG1+ cytotoxic CD4+ T cells in tumors that retain immunosuppressive function, derived from Tregs, and suggests KLRG1-targeted depletion may be more effective than blockade in cancer therapy.

The paper compares immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in African and European donors using CyTOF, finding divergent profiles linked to geographic origin and immune control.

This study identifies and localizes bone marrow ILC2s using dual-reporter mice and combines flow cytometry, transcriptomics, and imaging.

This study identifies IL13 as a critical cytokine for the antitumor activity of polyfunctional CD4+ T cells modified with constitutively active Stat5, showing its role in enhancing immune responses and tumor control.

This paper introduces LACO-Stim, a co-stimulatory molecule that enhances CAR-T cell therapy by reprogramming the tumor microenvironment to support endogenous anti-tumor immunity.

This study shows that systemic TLR7 agonism reduces disease severity in DSS-induced colitis in mice by shifting the immune response toward regulatory T cells.

The paper shows that impaired gut microbiota fermentation of inulin leads to intestinal inflammation in mice, highlighting the importance of microbial metabolism in fiber tolerance.