Bifidobacterium infantis-mediated herpes simplex virus-TK/ganciclovir treatment inhibits cancer metastasis

Previous studies have found that Bifidobacterium infantis-mediated herpes simplex virus-TK/ganciclovir (BF-TK/GCV) reduces the expression of VEGF and CD146 which implies tumor metastasis inhibition. However, the mechanism of BF-TK/GCV inhibits tumor metastasis is still not fully studied. Here, we comprehensively identified and quantified protein expression profiling for the first time in gastric cancer (GC) cells MKN-45 upon BF-TK/GCV treatment using quantitative proteomics. A total of 159 and 72 differential expression proteins (DEPs) were significantly changed in BF-TK/GCV / BF-TK and BF-TK/GCV / BF/GCV groups. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed some enriched metastasis-related pathways such as gap junction and cell adhesion molecules pathways. Moreover, transwell assay proved that BF-TK/GCV inhibited the invasion and migration of tumor cells. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry (IHC) demonstrated that BF-TK/GCV reduced the expression of HIF-1A, MTOR, NF-{kappa}B1-p105, VCAM1, CEBPB and CXCL12, which were associated with tumor metastasis. In summary, besides apoptosis, BF-TK/GCV also inhibited tumor metastasis, which deepened and expanded the understanding of BF-TK/GCV anti-tumor mechanisms.