Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology

This study uses a mouse model of TB infection to investigate fibrosis mechanisms, finding persistent inflammatory macrophages and elevated matrix remodeling enzymes during treatment.

This paper introduces a high-throughput phenotypic host-pathogen assay using Dictyostelium discoideum and Mycobacterium marinum to screen anti-infective compounds, demonstrating its ability to differentiate between antibiotics and anti-infectives.

This study shows that loss of the PPE71-38 locus in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Lineage 2 increases stress response gene expression and triglyceride levels, contributing to hypervirulence.

Deleting early riboflavin genes (ribA2 in both species, ribG in M. smegmatis) sharply reduced MAIT cell activation, while ribH deletion raised recognition of M. tuberculosis only.

This study shows that phosphoglucomutase A (pgmA) is essential for Mycobacterium tuberculosis survival under nutrient-limiting conditions and disease persistence.

This study shows that prior immunity influences tuberculosis lesion structure by modulating neutrophil and T cell responses, leading to different pathological outcomes.

This study investigates the regulatory mechanism of RipA, a cell wall hydrolase in Mtb, through structural and functional analysis of the SteAB system.

This study shows dexamethasone reduces glycolysis in human macrophages but enhances mycobacterial killing, suggesting a potential therapeutic benefit in tuberculosis.

This study determines the cryo-EM structure of the MmpS5L5 efflux pump in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and identifies mutations that enhance bedaquiline efflux, suggesting new resistance mechanisms.

This study identifies MmpE as a nucleomodulin in Mycobacterium tuberculosis that inhibits host inflammatory gene expression and promotes intracellular survival by targeting the VDR promoter and regulating the PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway.

The paper investigates TB relapse in a macaque model, finding that complete sterilization protects against relapse but PET CT cannot predict it, and that Mtb dissemination originates from both lung and lymph nodes.

This study compares feature selection methods for GWAS of antibiotic resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, finding that ABESS outperforms others in selecting relevant mutations.

The paper develops an automated method to predict bedaquiline resistance in M. tuberculosis using a reproducible algorithmic approach, achieving high sensitivity and specificity in variant classification.

The paper identifies emerging SNPs in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates to distinguish transmission chains in a long-term epidemiological cluster.

This study shows that APOE protects against severe tuberculosis by limiting neutrophil extracellular trap formation, which exacerbates infection in Apoe-/- mice.

The paper analyzes whole-blood RNA-seq data from TB patients to identify rRNA transcriptomic signatures that change during anti-TB treatment, suggesting potential biomarkers for monitoring treatment response.

The paper profiles macrophage diversity in TB granulomas using single-cell RNA sequencing and immunofluorescence in nonhuman primates, identifying distinct subsets and their roles in Mtb infection.

This paper identifies PE5, a Mycobacterium tuberculosis effector protein, as interacting with the host CRL2 ubiquitin ligase complex, modulating its activity without being ubiquitinated itself.

The paper identifies PhoP's role in regulating asparagine utilization in M. tuberculosis under acidic conditions, showing its importance for bacterial survival in host phagosomes.

This study shows CD4+ T cells recruit macrophages to clear Mtb by MHCII-mediated cognate interactions, not IFN-{gamma}, promoting glycolysis in macrophages for bacterial control.

The paper examines how CD28+ CD8+ T cells in COVID-19 patients influence mycobacterial growth inhibition.

This paper shows that the mycomembrane of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and M. smegmatis differentially and heterogeneously restricts antibiotic permeation using the PAC-MAN method.

This study investigates sex differences in immune response to TB vaccines in mice, finding that male mice show poorer BCG vaccine efficacy and specific CD8 T cell deficiencies compared to females.

Rabbit lesion microdissection and pharmacokinetic modeling show bedaquiline takes months to reach deep caseum and years to clear, while TBAJ-587 and TBAJ-876 shorten these windows.

This study confirms an association between HLA-II region variants and TB susceptibility in admixed South African samples using the LAAA model.

This study identifies 64 FDA-approved drugs as potential host-directed therapeutics for tuberculosis using an integrative transcriptome-based approach combining multiple gene expression signatures and connectivity scoring methods.

The paper simulates TB antibiotic regimens in a computational model to show rankings are influenced by spatial scale, detection limit, and initial bacterial burden.

This study identifies protective antibodies against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and shows that their Fc-effector function and Fab domains collaborate to restrict infection through immune cell reorganization.

The paper identifies dinucleotide substitutions in M. tuberculosis as markers of diversifying selection, revealing their role in drug resistance and virulence evolution.

This study shows that mucosal BCG vaccination induces lung CD8+ TRM cells via TGF-β activation by airway epithelial progenitors, linking tissue repair to immune memory.