Regulation of Appetite and Obesity

This study identifies two distinct GABAergic neural circuits in the hypothalamus that differentially regulate metabolic homeostasis and obesogenic feeding through specific GABAA receptor signaling pathways.

The paper shows that 2-DG rapidly activates specific neurons in the locus ceruleus and nucleus of solitary tract, as measured by phospho-ERK1/2 immunoreactivity, within 15 minutes of administration.

The paper investigates the failure to replicate an adiposity phenotype linked to Krtcap3 in rats, hypothesizing that environmental stress changes during the COVID-19 pandemic may have influenced the results.

The paper identifies a specific NAcSh D1 subtype that regulates feeding and energy homeostasis through molecular and circuit-level mechanisms.

This study identifies the physiological roles of different enteroendocrine cell lineages in controlling feeding and gut motility using genetic and chemogenetic approaches.

This study investigates how secretin induces satiation by modulating brain glucose metabolism and neural activity through the BAT-brain axis in humans.

This paper reviews the role of ghrelin and GLP-1 in human reward systems using fMRI, finding ghrelin increases reward responses while GLP-1 effects are less consistent.

This study shows that AgRP neurons regulate context-induced feeding through precise temporal firing patterns during context exposure.

This study identifies PSTN neuron subpopulations that regulate feeding initiation and consumption behaviors in mice during refeeding.

This study shows that CART and NPY modulate forebrain neuron plasticity in zebrafish by opposing effects on glutamatergic transmission, depending on energy state.

The paper uses human embryonic single-cell transcriptomics to identify tanycyte subtypes and their developmental trajectories, finding similarities with adult rodent tanycytes and distinct marker expression.

This study identifies AgRP neuron activity as a key factor in activity-based anorexia and shows that activating these neurons can mitigate the condition.

This study shows that deleting melanocortin-4 receptors on hypothalamic astrocytes increases body weight, feeding, and central inflammation, independent of neuronal MC4R effects.

This study examines GLP-1R expression in human hypothalamus and finds reduced expression in individuals with higher BMI, correlating with nesfatin-1 in specific brain regions.

This paper develops a Gcg-Cre rat model to study GLP1-expressing cells in the brain and periphery, finding that homozygous rats show reduced Gcg mRNA and GLP1 protein, and chemogenetic activation suppresses food intake.

This study identifies hypothalamic MCH neurons that integrate food-related appetitive and consummatory processes through physiological and behavioral responses.

This study shows that oxytocin signaling in the posterior hypothalamus prevents hyperphagic obesity in mice by reducing food intake and increasing plasma triglyceride and leptin levels.

The paper identifies a stress-sensitive anorexigenic pathway from the medial prefrontal cortex to the lateral hypothalamus in mice and shows its role in regulating food intake during stress.

The paper identifies separate vagal reward circuits for fat and sugar that drive overeating when both are activated, even when calorie intake is controlled.

This study shows that oxytocin and cholecystokinin pathways in hypothalamic neurons are critical for gut-to-brain feeding control, with their disruption leading to hyperphagic obesity.

This study shows that protein-restricted rats show increased motivation for protein-rich food, which disappears after refeeding.

This study shows that CX3CL1 reduces diet-induced obesity by restoring POMC neuron function and melanocortin signaling through microglial modulation.

This study identifies a novel population of MC4R-expressing neurons in the infralimbic prefrontal cortex of mice that regulate food intake and executive function.

This study shows that ghrelin administration reduces restraint stress-induced grooming in mice by inhibiting PVNCRH neurons, suggesting a role for these neurons in stress behavior.

This paper develops a homeostatic reinforcement learning model to simulate sodium appetite behavior and explains osmoregulation as a reinforcement learning process.

This study identifies brainstem GLP-1 neurons as essential for lorcaserin's effect on reducing food intake in mice and suggests combination therapy with GLP-1R agonists may enhance efficacy.

The paper identifies two subpopulations of parasubthalamic nucleus neurons in mice and shows that PSTNTac1 neurons are essential for appetite suppression.

This study shows that melanotan-II injected into the nucleus accumbens reduces food consumption and appetitive behavior without affecting metabolism or causing aversion.