Structural changes in the SARS-CoV-2 spike E406W mutant escaping a clinical monoclonal antibody cocktail
A. Addetia, Y.-J. Park, T. Starr, A. J. Greaney, K. Sprouse, J. E. Bowen, S. W. Tiles, W. C. Van Voorhis, J. D. Bloom, D. Corti, A. C. Walls, D. Veesler
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) E406W mutation abrogates neutralization mediated by the REGEN-CoV therapeutic monoclonal antibody (mAb) COVID-19 cocktail and the cilgavimab (AZD1061) mAb. Here, we show that this residue substitution remodels the ACE2-binding site allosterically, thereby dampening receptor recognition severely and altering the epitopes recognized by these three mAbs. Although vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibody titers are decreased similarly against the E406 mutant and the Delta or Epsilon variants, broadly neutralizing sarbecovirus mAbs, including a clinical mAb, inhibit the E406W spike mutant.
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