Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research

Clostridioides difficile in Equidae necropsied in northwestern France, between 2019 and 2021

This study investigates C. difficile presence in French horses, finding 20% harbored pathogenic strains, including virulent ribotype 017, with potential zoonotic implications.

Enterococcus faecalis modulates phase variation in Clostridioides difficile

This study shows Enterococcus faecalis influences phase variation in Clostridioides difficile, altering its phenotypes through the CmrRST system.

Human C. difficile-specific memory B cells encode protective IgG1 despite predominance of non-neutralizing antibodies.

The Gut Microbiome and Butyrate Differentiate Clostridioides difficile Colonization and Infection in Children

This study compares the gut microbiome and butyrate levels in children with asymptomatic C. difficile colonization and symptomatic CDI, finding distinct microbial and butyrate profiles associated with symptom status.

Manufacture of Clostridioides difficile spores for experimental infection of human volunteers

This paper describes a GMP-compliant process for producing C. difficile spores for use in controlled human infection models.

Phase variation of Clostridioides difficile colony morphology occurs via modulation of cell division

This study identifies CmrT-regulated genes mrpA and mrpB that mediate phase variation of C. difficile colony morphology by interfering with cell division.

Characterization of a hypersporulating strain derivative of Clostridioides difficile R20291

The paper isolates a hypersporulating C. difficile strain with enhanced sporulation efficiency and identifies genomic changes associated with this trait.

Dissecting the Role of Flagellar Subunits in Clostridioides difficile Mucosal Colonization

This study investigates how flagellar and T4P gene mutants affect C. difficile's ability to adhere to mucosal surfaces and find that multiple factors influence mucosal adhesion.

ENGINEERING AND PRECLINICAL EVALUATION OF DRIED FOOD-FORMULATED YEAST-SECRETED ANTIBODIES AS PERI-EXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS AGAINST CLOSTRIDIOIDES DIFFICILE DISEASE.

This study develops and tests dried food-formulated yeast-secreted VHH antibodies as prophylaxis against Clostridioides difficile disease in mice, showing high efficacy in preventing mortality and disease.

Pro-inflammatory Pathways Contribute to Pathogenesis of Clostridioides difficile Infection in a Murine Model - A Spatial Transcriptomics Study

This study uses spatial transcriptomics to compare gene expression in symptomatic and asymptomatic mice infected with C. difficile, identifying upregulated IL-17 pathway genes and layer-specific differences in the intestine.

A targeted cell lysis mechanism facilitates toxin release in Clostridioides difficile

The paper identifies a targeted cell lysis mechanism driven by TcdE that facilitates toxin release in Clostridioides difficile, revealing it as a bet-hedging strategy.

De novo design of potent inhibitors of Clostridioides difficile toxin B

This paper designs potent small protein inhibitors of C. difficile toxin B using deep learning and Rosetta, showing high affinity and stability for potential clinical use.

Assessment of chemical methods in the extraction of spore surface layers in Clostridioides difficile spores

This study compares three spore coat and exosporium extraction methods for C. difficile spores using multiple techniques to assess their effectiveness and impact on spore structure.

Analysis of Essential Genes in Clostridioides difficile by CRISPRi and Tn-seq

This study identifies essential genes in C. difficile using CRISPRi and Tn-seq, confirming most previously reported genes and identifying new ones, with comparisons to B. subtilis.

Bacteroides-driven metabolic remodelling suppresses Clostridioides difficile toxin expression in mixed biofilm communities

This study shows Bacteroides species inhibit C. difficile toxin production through cross-feeding proline in mixed biofilms, revealing a mechanism for microbiota-mediated control of CDI.

In vivo efficacy of fidaxomicin against rpoB mutant Clostridioides difficile infection.

This study evaluates the in vivo efficacy of fidaxomicin against a rpoB mutant strain of C. difficile and finds it remains effective despite reduced susceptibility.

A novel two-component system controls vancomycin resistance in epidemic Clostridioides difficile

This paper identifies two point mutations in a two-component system that confer vancomycin resistance in C. difficile, revealing a synergistic pathway for resistance in epidemic strains.

Clostridioides difficile toxin A and toxin B inhibit toxin-specific adaptive immune responses through glucosyltransferase-dependent activity

This study shows that C. difficile toxins A and B inhibit their own antigen-specific immune responses via glucosyltransferase activity, contributing to recurrent infections.

Identification of Novel Cryptic and Classical Clades in Clostridioides difficile

This study identifies two new classical clades and two new cryptic clades in C. difficile using whole-genome analysis of 25,144 genomes.

Oligomerization of the Clostridioides difficile Transferase B Component Proceeds through a Stepwise Mechanism

This study uses Cryo-EM to reveal the stepwise oligomerization mechanism of C. difficile transferase B, showing structural intermediates and the role of CDTa and hydrophobic molecules in assembly.

Anthrax toxin receptor 2 is the Receptor for Clostridium perfringens NetF: Structural Insights into Toxin Binding and Pore Formation

This study identifies ANTXR2 as the receptor for C. perfringens NetF toxin, revealing structural insights into its binding mechanism and pore formation.

Clostridioides difficile Toxins Alter Host Metabolic Pathway and Bile Acid Homeostasis Gene Expression In Colonic Epithelium

This study shows that C. difficile toxins alter host gene expression related to metabolic pathways and bile acid homeostasis in colonic epithelial cells.

Phenotypic analysis of various Clostridioides difficile ribotypes reveals consistency among core processes

The paper analyzes phenotypic traits of various C. difficile ribotypes to determine if core biological processes are conserved across clades, finding consistency in growth, sporulation, and bile resistance.

Combination of mitomycin C and low-dose metronidazole synergistically against Clostridioides difficile infection and recurrence prevention

This study shows that combining mitomycin C with low-dose metronidazole synergistically inhibits Clostridioides difficile growth in vitro and reduces recurrence in a mouse model.

Proton-pump inhibitors increase C. difficile infection risk by altering pH rather than by affecting the gut microbiome based on a bioreactor model

Proline Stickland fermentation supports C. difficile spore maturation

This study shows that proline fermentation via the proline reductase pathway supports C. difficile spore maturation and that excess proline represses sporulation through PrdR regulation.

Host origin of microbiota drives functional recovery and Clostridioides difficile clearance in mice

This study shows that mouse-derived microbiota is more effective than human-derived microbiota in clearing C. difficile in a mouse model of recurrent infection.

Effects of sexual dimorphism and estrous cycle on C. difficile infections prophylaxis in two rodent models

The paper investigates how sexual dimorphism and estrous cycle affect C. difficile infection prophylaxis in two rodent models.

Decoupling bile acid 7α-dehydroxylation from colonization resistance to Clostridioides difficile

This study shows that 7-dehydroxylated bile acid production by commensal bacteria is not sufficient for colonization resistance against C. difficile, suggesting other mechanisms are involved.

KipOTIA detoxifies 5-oxoproline and promotes the growth of Clostridioides difficile

This study identifies KipOTIA in C. difficile as a detoxifying enzyme that converts 5-oxoproline into a nutrient, supporting bacterial growth.