Variability and correlations among vital rates and their influence on population growth in mule and black-tailed deer
J. S. Ruprecht, T. Forrester, D. Clark, M. Wisdom, J. Smith, T. Levi
This study identifies adult female survival as the key factor influencing population growth in mule and black-tailed deer, showing it explains 62% of variation in lambda, with populations declining when survival drops below 70%.
bioRxiv · Mar 15, 2024Ecology