The immunocytokine L19-TNF eradicates Sarcomas in combination with Chemotherapy or with immune check-point inhibitors

Antibody-cytokine fusion proteins (also called "immunocytokines") represent an emerging class of biopharmaceutical products, which are being considered for cancer immunotherapy. When used as single agents, pro-inflammatory immunocytokines are rarely capable of induce complete and durable cancer regression in mouse models and in patients. However, the combination treatment with conventional chemotherapy or with other immune-stimulatory agents typically increases the therapeutic efficacy of immunocytokines. In this article, we describe combination treatments of a tumor-targeting antibody-cytokine fusion protein based on the L19 antibody (specific to a splice isoform of fibronectin) fused to murine tumor necrosis factor (TNF) with standard chemotherapy (dacarbazine, trabectedin or melphalan) or with an immune check-point inhibitor (anti-PD-1) in a BALB/c derived immunocompetent murine model of sarcoma (WEHI-164). All combination treatments led to improved tumor remission compared to single agent treatments, suggesting that these combination partners may be suitable for further clinical development in sarcoma patients.