J. Overbaugh

Delineating the functional activity of antibodies with cross-reactivity to SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1 and related sarbecoviruses

This study identifies cross-reactive antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and related sarbecoviruses that target conserved epitopes and show broad neutralization potential.

The S2 subunit of spike encodes diverse targets for functional antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2

This paper identifies diverse functional antibodies targeting the S2 subunit of SARS-CoV-2 spike, including one with broad neutralization activity across multiple coronaviruses.

Host cell glycosylation selects for infection with CCR5- versus CXCR4-tropic HIV-1

The paper identifies SLC35A2 as a host factor that influences HIV-1 tropism by modulating glycosylation, favoring R5 over X4 infection.

Several cell-intrinsic effectors drive type I interferon-mediated restriction of HIV-1 in primary CD4+ T cells

This study identifies multiple ISGs that restrict HIV-1 in primary CD4+ T cells through CRISPR-knockout screens and shows their combined protective effect against diverse HIV strains.

Mapping the neutralizing specificity of human anti-HIV serum by deep mutational scanning

This study maps the neutralizing specificity of human anti-HIV serum using deep mutational scanning to identify Env mutations affecting neutralization by polyclonal sera.

Pro-inflammatory feedback loops define immune responses to pathogenic lentivirus infection

This study identifies pro-inflammatory feedback loops in immune responses to pathogenic lentivirus infection, showing that highly pathogenic variants induce delayed, sustained, and amplifying inflammatory circuits.

Elevated binding and functional antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 in infants versus mothers

The paper compares SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses between infants and mothers, finding higher binding and functional antibody levels in infants, particularly in the fusion peptide region.

Identification of broad, potent antibodies to functionally constrained regions of SARS-CoV-2 spike following a breakthrough infection

This study identifies four broad, potent monoclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein that neutralize multiple variants, including Omicron and XBB.1.5, targeting conserved regions with high functional constraint.

Distinct antibody responses to endemic coronaviruses pre- and post-SARS-CoV-2 infection in Kenyan infants and mothers

This study examines antibody responses to endemic coronaviruses before and after SARS-CoV-2 infection in Kenyan mothers and infants, finding increased eHCoV antibodies in mothers but not infants post-infection.

Macaque-human differences in SARS-CoV-2 Spike antibody response elicited by vaccination or infection

This study compares SARS-CoV-2 Spike antibody responses between macaques and humans after vaccination or infection, identifying shared and distinct epitope recognition patterns and escape pathways.

High resolution profiling of pathways of escape for SARS-CoV-2 spike-binding antibodies

This study identifies antibody escape pathways for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein using Phage-DMS, revealing variable escape mutations in immunodominant regions and individual epitope targeting differences.

High-resolution mapping of the neutralizing and binding specificities of polyclonal rabbit serum elicited by HIV Env trimer immunization

This study maps the neutralizing and binding specificities of polyclonal rabbit serum against HIV Env trimers using mutational antigenic profiling and EMPEM.

Development of antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity function in HIV-1 antibodies

This study reconstructs the developmental pathways of HIV-specific ADCC antibodies and identifies mutations required for antigen binding and ADCC function.

Phage-DMS: a comprehensive method for fine mapping of antibody epitopes

Phage-DMS combines immunoprecipitation of phage peptide libraries with deep mutational scanning to fine map antibody epitopes, refining known epitopes for HIV monoclonal antibodies.

Identification of HIV-1 Envelope Mutations that Enhance Entry Using Macaque CD4 and CCR5

This study identifies HIV-1 Env mutations that enhance entry into macaque cells using deep mutational scanning, finding mutations that increase entry up to 38-fold and affect antibody sensitivity.

Diversity and function of maternal HIV-1-specific antibodies at the time of vertical transmission

This study isolates and characterizes HIV-specific neutralizing antibodies from a mother of a vertically infected infant, revealing their diversity and functional properties.

Massively parallel profiling of HIV-1 resistance to the fusion inhibitor enfuvirtide

This study identifies additional resistance mutations to enfuvirtide using deep mutational scanning, expanding the known mechanisms of resistance.

Lineage-dependent differences and the role of IFITM3 in the type-I interferon-induced restriction of Zika virus

This study shows African-lineage Zika virus strains are more resistant to type-I interferon than Asian-lineage strains, and IFITM3 does not fully explain IFN-I restriction.

Rapid development of an infant-derived HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibody lineage

This study reconstructs the developmental lineage of an infant-derived HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibody, showing a rapid evolution with fewer mutations compared to adult antibodies.

An antigenic atlas of HIV-1 escape from broadly neutralizing antibodies

This study maps how single amino-acid mutations in HIV-1 Env affect neutralization by nine broadly neutralizing antibodies, revealing escape mechanisms and informing vaccine and therapy design.

A Virus-Packageable CRISPR Screen Identifies Host Factors Mediating Interferon Inhibition of HIV

The paper uses a CRISPR screen to identify host factors that mediate interferon inhibition of HIV replication, finding several restriction factors and novel dependencies.

Complete functional mapping of infection- and vaccine-elicited antibodies against the fusion peptide of HIV

The paper maps functional epitopes of antibodies targeting HIV Env fusion peptide by analyzing mutations affecting neutralization, revealing differences between vaccine- and infection-elicited antibodies.

Mapping mutational effects along the evolutionary landscape of HIV envelope

The paper quantifies how amino-acid mutations affect HIV Env protein fitness across two diverged viral strains, finding most sites have conserved preferences but some show shifted mutational tolerance.

Comprehensive mapping of HIV-1 escape from a broadly neutralizing antibody

This study maps HIV-1 escape mutations from a broadly neutralizing antibody by quantifying the effect of all single amino-acid mutations on viral sensitivity.