S. Graham

Reversible conjugation of a CBASS nucleotide cyclase regulates immune response to phage infection

The paper shows that the CBASS system in bacteria uses protein conjugation to regulate nucleotide cyclase activity, keeping it inactive until phage infection triggers its release.

Antiviral Type III CRISPR signalling via conjugation of ATP and AdoMet

This study identifies SAM-AMP as a novel second messenger in type III-B CRISPR systems, used for antiviral signaling by conjugating ATP to S-adenosyl methionine.

Three-dimensional genomic mapping of human pancreatic tissue reveals striking multifocality and genetic heterogeneity in precancerous lesions

This study uses 3D imaging and genomic analysis to show that human pancreatic precancerous lesions (PanINs) are highly multifocal and genetically heterogeneous.

Structure of the Saccharolobus solfataricus type III-D CRISPR effector

The paper reports the cryo-EM structure of the S. solfataricus Type III-D CRISPR effector complex, revealing its organization and RNA-binding mechanism.

Sensitivity of diffusion-tensor and correlated diffusion imaging to white-matter microstructural abnormalities: application in COVID-19

This study compares diffusion MRI methods to detect white-matter changes in COVID-19 patients, finding correlated diffusion imaging is most sensitive to microstructural abnormalities.

The immune response to lumpy skin disease virus in cattle is influenced by inoculation route

This study compares immune responses in cattle inoculated with LSDV via needle or arthropod vectors, finding differences in clinical disease development and immune markers like IgM and IFN-γ.

Structure and Neutralization Mechanism of a Human Antibody Targeting a Complex Epitope on Zika Virus

This study defines the epitope and neutralization mechanism of a human antibody targeting Zika virus by showing that cross-linking of viral envelope proteins is critical for neutralization.

Structure and mechanism of the type I-G CRISPR effector

This study reports the structure and function of the type I-G CRISPR effector from Thioalkalivibrio sulfidiphilus, revealing key molecular details about its composition and mechanism.

Crowding induced morphological changes in synthetic lipid vesicles determined using smFRET

This study investigates how molecular crowding affects synthetic lipid vesicle morphology using smFRET and other techniques, finding that crowding induces compaction with varying reversibility depending on the crowder type.

Cyclic nucleotide-induced superhelical structure activates a bacterial TIR immune effector

The paper shows a bacterial TIR-SAVED effector forms a superhelical structure upon binding cyclic tri-adenylate, enabling NAD+ degradation as part of an anti-viral defense mechanism.

TIAToolbox: An End-to-End Toolbox for Advanced Tissue Image Analytics

TIAToolbox provides an end-to-end Python toolbox for computational pathology, enabling efficient and accessible use of deep learning algorithms for tissue image analysis.

A novel antigenic site spanning domains I and III of the Zika virus envelope glycoprotein is the target of strongly neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies

This study identifies a novel antigenic site on the Zika virus envelope glycoprotein targeted by a strongly neutralizing human monoclonal antibody, providing insights for vaccine design.

Elevated temperature inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication in respiratory epithelium independently of the induction of IFN-mediated innate immune defences

This study shows that elevated temperatures inhibit SARS-CoV-2 replication in respiratory epithelium without triggering IFN-mediated immune responses.

A COVID-19 vaccine candidate using SpyCatcher multimerization of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain induces potent neutralising antibody responses

This study develops a vaccine candidate using SpyCatcher technology to display the SARS-CoV-2 RBD, showing strong neutralizing antibody responses in mice and pigs.

Tetramerisation of the CRISPR ring nuclease Csx3 facilitates cyclic oligoadenylate cleavage

The paper identifies Csx3 as a ring nuclease that degrades cyclic tetra-adenylate (cA4), revealing its role in removing cOA molecules after viral infection.

Fuse to defuse: a self-limiting ribonuclease-ring nuclease fusion for type III CRISPR defence

The paper describes a fusion protein combining a ribonuclease and a ring nuclease to regulate cOA signaling in type III CRISPR systems, ensuring a time-limited immune response.

The dynamic interplay of host and viral enzymes in type III CRISPR-mediated cyclic nucleotide signalling

The paper examines how host and viral enzymes regulate cyclic nucleotide levels and infection outcomes in type III CRISPR systems.

Expression of inhibitory checkpoint ligands by Glioblastoma Multiforme cells and the implications of an enhanced stem cell-like phenotype

This study shows GBM cells express inhibitory checkpoint ligands, with stem cell-like GBM cells showing higher levels, suggesting a link between stemness and immune evasion.

Structure and mechanism of a Type III CRISPR defence DNA nuclease activated by cyclic oligoadenylate

This paper describes the structure and mechanism of Can1, a cOA-activated CRISPR defence DNA nuclease, showing how cA4 binding activates its DNA nicking activity.

A viral ring nuclease anti-CRISPR subverts type III CRISPR immunity

This study identifies a viral anti-CRISPR enzyme that degrades cyclic tetra-adenylate, neutralizing type III CRISPR immunity in bacteria and archaea.

Cannabinoid Receptor 2 (CB2) Signals via G-alpha-s and Induces IL-6 and IL-10 Cytokine Secretion in Human Primary Leukocytes

This paper investigates CB2 receptor signaling in human primary leukocytes, revealing complex G protein interactions and cytokine secretion pathways.

Cyclic oligoadenylate signalling mediates Mycobacterium tuberculosis CRISPR defence

This study shows that Mycobacterium tuberculosis uses a type III-A CRISPR system with a cyclic hexa-adenylate (cA6) signalling pathway and the Csm6 ribonuclease for immunity against mobile genetic elements, rather than DNA cleavage.

Validation of a CRISPR/cas9-based technology platform for examining specific immune gene functions in an experimental murine model of IBD

The paper validates a CRISPR/Cas9 platform for studying immune gene functions in a murine IBD model, demonstrating its utility for in vivo validation of therapeutic targets.

A type III CRISPR ancillary ribonuclease degrades its cyclic oligoadenylate activator

The paper identifies TTHB144 as a self-limiting CRISPR ribonuclease that degrades its cyclic oligoadenylate activator, providing a mechanism to terminate RNA degradation after viral infection.

Ring nucleases deactivate Type III CRISPR ribonucleases by degrading cyclic oligoadenylate

The paper identifies a Ring nuclease that degrades cyclic oligoadenylate (cOA) to deactivate Type III CRISPR ribonucleases and terminate the antiviral state.

Variation in context dependent foraging behavior across pollinators

This study examines color preference flexibility in two butterfly pollinator groups under natural conditions, revealing distinct foraging behaviors that influence selection on flower color.