X. Guan

Pathological axonal enlargement in connection with amyloidosis, lysosome destabilization and hemorrhage is a major defect in Alzheimer's disease

This study identifies axonal enlargement linked to amyloidosis, lysosome destabilization, and hemorrhage as a key pathological feature in Alzheimer's disease.

Computationally Driven Discovery and Characterization of SIRT3 Activating Compounds that Fully Recover Catalytic Activity under NAD+ Depletion

This study identifies novel SIRT3 activators that restore catalytic activity under NAD+ depletion, offering potential therapeutic applications for age-related diseases.

Androgen receptor inhibition induces metabolic reprogramming and increased reliance on oxidative mitochondrial metabolism in prostate cancer

This study shows that androgen receptor inhibition in prostate cancer cells shifts metabolism to oxidative mitochondrial pathways and increases sensitivity to complex I inhibitors.

The impact of size on middle-ear sound transmission in elephants, the largest terrestrial mammal

This study measures middle-ear sound transmission in elephants and humans, finding greater velocities and delayed phase in elephants at low frequencies.

Xylem sap residue in cut-open conduits can affect gas discharge in pneumatic experiments

The paper investigates how residual xylem sap in cut conduits affects gas discharge measurements in pneumatic experiments and proposes a correction method.

Aβ-aggregation-generated blue autofluorescence illuminates senile plaques, complex blood and vascular pathologies in the Alzheimer's disease

Gas diffusion kinetics drive embolism spread in angiosperm xylem: evidence from flow-centrifuge experiments and modelling

The paper measures hydraulic conductivity changes in angiosperm xylem over time under different temperatures and pressures, showing gas diffusion kinetics influence embolism spread.

High-throughput screening of functional neo-antigens and their specific TCRs via the Jurkat reporter system combine with droplet microfluidics

The paper develops a high-throughput platform for screening functional neo-antigens and their specific TCRs using droplet microfluidics and DNA barcoding.

Multiplex Epigenome Editing of MECP2 to Rescue Rett Syndrome Neurons

This study uses multiplex epigenome editing to reactivate MECP2 from the inactive X chromosome in RTT neurons, rescuing neuronal defects in vitro.

Soft and stretchable organic bioelectronics for continuous intra-operative neurophysiological monitoring during microsurgery

This paper introduces a soft, stretchable organic bioelectronic system for continuous intra-operative neurophysiological monitoring during microsurgery, demonstrating improved signal quality and reduced post-operative complications in animal models.

Streptococcus suis infection on European farms is associated with an altered tonsil microbiome and resistome

The paper investigates the association between Streptococcus suis infection in piglets and changes in their tonsil microbiome and resistome, finding altered microbial composition and increased antimicrobial resistance genes.

The Hdc GC box is critical for Hdc gene transcription and histamine-mediated anaphylaxis

This study identifies the Hdc GC box as essential for Hdc gene transcription, histamine synthesis, and anaphylaxis in mice and human mast cells.

Enhancers that regulate TNF gene transcription in human macrophages in response to TLR3 stimulation

This study identifies enhancers regulating TNF gene transcription in human macrophages upon TLR3 stimulation and shows their functional importance.

IL-33 priming and antigenic stimulation synergistically promote the transcription of proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine genes in human skin mast cells

Two-pore channel blockade by phosphoinositide kinase inhibitors YM201636 and PI-103 determined by a histidine residue near pore-entrance

This paper identifies YM201636 and PI-103 as potent TPC2 channel blockers and shows His699 near the pore entrance is critical for their inhibitory effect.

Role of Water-bridged Interactions in Metal Ion Coupled Protein Allostery

This study reveals that water-bridged interactions facilitate Ca2+ binding and allostery in calmodulin by reducing energy landscape ruggedness and enabling asymmetric EF-hand responses.

Dynamic changes in gas solubility of xylem sap reiterate the enigma of plant water transport under negative pressure

The paper measures gas solubility in xylem sap under varying conditions and finds non-equilibrium patterns that suggest plants can transport water under negative pressure with dissolved gas buffering.

Discovery of novel compounds as potent activators of Sirt3

This study identifies novel Sirt3 activators using DNA encoded library technology, showing potency comparable to Honokiol and atypical binding sites.

Polar lipids are linked to nanoparticles in xylem sap of temperate angiosperm species

The paper examines the relationship between nanoparticle and lipid concentrations in xylem sap of six temperate angiosperm species and finds significant correlations in three species.

A user manual to measure gas diffusion kinetics in plants: Pneumatron construction, operation and data analysis

This paper provides a manual for constructing, operating, and analyzing data from the Pneumatron device, which measures gas diffusion kinetics in plant xylem.

Methyltransferase SMYD5 Exaggerates IBD by Downregulating Mitochondrial Functions via Post-translational Control of PGC-1α Stability

This study identifies SMYD5 as a driver of IBD by downregulating mitochondrial functions through methylation-dependent degradation of PGC-1α in intestinal epithelial cells.

Modulating the activities of chloroplasts and mitochondria promotes ATP production and plant growth

This study shows that overexpressing purple acid phosphatase 2 in chloroplasts and mitochondria improves ATP production, plant growth, and seed yield by balancing reducing equivalents and enhancing photosynthesis.

A semi-automated method for measuring xylem vessel length distribution

This paper introduces a semi-automated method to measure xylem vessel length distribution using a Pneumatron device and software, enabling faster and more efficient analysis.

Lsm12 is an NAADP receptor and a two-pore channel regulatory protein required for calcium mobilization from acidic organelles

The paper identifies Lsm12 as an NAADP receptor and TPC regulatory protein essential for Ca2+ mobilization from acidic organelles.

Nonallosteric Sirtuin Enzyme Activation: Characterization of Hit Compounds

The paper characterizes small molecules that nonallosterically activate SIRT3, identifying honokiol as a hit compound through computational and biochemical methods.

Mechanism-based enzyme activating compounds

The paper introduces new modes of enzyme activation based on catalytic mechanisms and presents simulations and experimental results supporting this framework.

Dual-localized enzymatic components that constitute the mitochondrial and plastidial fatty acid synthase systems

The paper identifies and characterizes three shared enzymes in mitochondrial and plastidial fatty acid synthase systems and shows their dual localization and functional consequences.

Senescence of alveolar stem cells drives progressive pulmonary fibrosis

This study shows that senescence of alveolar type 2 stem cells drives pulmonary fibrosis and that targeting p53 or Tgfβ can block fibrogenesis.

Delta-1 functionalized hydrogel promotes hESC-cardiomyocyte graft proliferation and maintains heart function post-injury

This study shows that a Delta-1 functionalized hydrogel enhances hESC-CM proliferation and graft size, improving heart function after myocardial infarction with a lower cell dose.

Engineered developmental niche enables predictive phenotypic screening in human dystrophic cardiomyopathy

This study develops an engineered cardiac niche to mature hPSC-derived cardiomyocytes, revealing arrhythmia in dystrophin mutants and identifying drug effects.